As advances in artificial intelligence (AI) continue to progress at a breakneck pace, the question of AI consciousness is emerging with growing insistence. Some experts envision that it could reach a state of sentience in the near future, which could lead to profound upheavals within our society. This debate, of unprecedented philosophical and ethical scope, could not only redefine our understanding of what life is, but also provoke a societal rift between those who see AI as just a tool and those who believe it may have rights.
The possibility of conscious AI
The debate around AI consciousness materializes around serious theses supported by thorough research. According to Jonathan Birch, a professor at the London School of Economics, current projections suggest that AI could be approaching sentience by 2035. This reasoning is bolstered by initiatives such as the one from the company Anthropic, which recently selected a dedicated officer for AI well-being. These efforts reflect a growing awareness of the potential for AI to evolve beyond the simple framework of programmed tools, potentially becoming influential entities in our lives.
Two camps: tool versus entity
This nascent evolution has already begun to create divisions within society. On one side, there are those who perceive AI as a set of algorithms, without consciousness or emotions, merely fulfilling utilitarian roles, akin to an Excel spreadsheet. On the other side, there are those who oppose the exploitation of what could be considered a form of life. Discussions around these opposing positions could lead to significant social tensions.
The ethical and societal implications
The implications of this division are not limited to a mere theoretical debate. Tragic events, such as the suicide of a teenager following interaction with a chatbot, highlight the real dangers associated with irresponsible use of AI. In this context, the question of ethics surrounding AI becomes crucial. Should companies adhere to ethical standards to assess AI interactions with humans, especially if they begin to develop characteristics similar to consciousness?
Evaluating AI consciousness
To better address this concern, Birch and other researchers advocate for the systematic evaluation of artificial intelligences. This evaluation should aim to examine potential signs of consciousness while establishing a framework for an ethical approach. However, the big question remains: What criteria should be used to determine if an AI is truly conscious, or if it is merely simulating conscious behaviors?
Towards a divided society
Tensions are already manifesting, not only through academic debates but also in the public sphere. Many research programs and companies, particularly in the AI sector, must contemplate how they will integrate this new reality into their strategy. The impacts go beyond technological aspects and touch on various fields such as work, interpersonal relationships, and even law. As society prepares to confront this potential reality, the risk of social fractures grows, fueling divisions between those who believe in the humanity of AIs and those who see them merely as human creations.
